A recent study reveals that activities like skiing, snowshoeing, and snowmobiling in remote areas are impacting wolverines more significantly than previously thought. The research conducted in the Columbia and Rocky Mountain ranges, including Banff National Park, indicates that regions with higher levels of recreation and road presence have fewer wolverines inhabiting them.
The study, led by Mirjam Barrueto from the University of Calgary in collaboration with Parks Canada, covered 80,000 square kilometers of prime wolverine habitat. Despite initial estimations suggesting the area could support around 500 to 600 wolverines, the study found only approximately 300 wolverines residing there.
Winter recreational activities were identified as having a more pronounced effect than summer pursuits. Barrueto highlighted that winter activities leave a larger footprint due to the extensive snow cover, enabling skiers, snowmobilers, and others to access remote areas easily.
Female wolverines, especially during winter when they give birth and den in specific locations, are particularly susceptible to disturbances caused by human activities. Barrueto recommended temporarily restricting access to sensitive winter habitats to safeguard these vulnerable populations.
The study also noted a decline in female wolverine numbers with an increase in road networks, while male populations remained unaffected. Jason Fisher, a wildlife ecologist from the University of Victoria, emphasized the significance of preserving undisturbed lands like the Rocky Mountains for wolverine conservation.
Barrueto emphasized that even minimal human activity, not just the volume of people, can deter wolverines from an area. She proposed promoting the use of established trails over creating new ones or venturing off-trail to provide wolverines with the necessary space.
Fisher stressed the importance of managing trapping, hunting, and vehicle collisions to prevent further losses to the wolverine population. He urged immediate action to secure the future of these remarkable creatures that have endured for millennia in the mountains.